Bibliotheca Alexandrina (BA) by Snøhetta: A masterpiece dedicated to the academic community

Bibliotheca Alexandrina (BA) by Snøhetta is an architectural marvel that stands as a testament to the pursuit of knowledge and the power of collaboration. Nestled in the historic city of Alexandria, Egypt, this masterpiece of design and functionality pays homage to its ancient predecessor, the Great Library of Alexandria, while embracing the needs of the modern academic community.

Join us on a captivating journey as we delve into the captivating story behind the creation of this extraordinary library, exploring its striking architecture, innovative features, and unwavering dedication to fostering intellectual growth and cultural exchange. Prepare to be inspired by the sheer magnificence and visionary spirit of the Bibliotheca Alexandrina.

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What is the history of the Bibliotheca Alexandrina? Why was it revived?

It all begins in ancient Egypt, more than 2,000 years ago when the city of Alexandria was founded by Alexander the Great. The city became home to the largest library in the world, the Library of Alexandria, which housed more than 700,000 books. The library was not only a place to read and study, but it was also a research center filled with experts in various fields like science, medicine, astronomy, and mathematics. The Library of Alexandria contributed greatly to many scientific discoveries and inventions of that time, such as a geared mechanism that predicted eclipses and the value of pi.

However, the Library of Alexandria did not survive the test of time. It is believed that the library was burnt down or destroyed in a series of events that started around 48 BC when Julius Caesar arrived in Alexandria, and the people of the city were in conflict. The library suffered several other attacks afterward until it was forgotten, and its exact location was lost for centuries.

Fast forward to the 20th century, and the idea of rebuilding the Library of Alexandria started gaining traction. It was in the mid-1970s when the idea came to fruition. UNESCO became the driving force behind the project, which was an ambitious undertaking that required international collaboration and support. Nearly 80 countries pledged their support and resources to bring the dream of rebuilding the Library of Alexandria to life.

One of the most significant challenges for the project was deciding where to rebuild the library. The new library had to be built in a location with historical significance within the city of Alexandria. It also had to fit the vision for the new library, one that went beyond a traditional library, and provided not only books but also state-of-the-art technology and facilities like conference rooms and auditoriums.

In 1988, an international architectural competition was held to determine the design of the new library. The winning design was submitted by a Norwegian architecture firm, Snøhetta. The concept was based on a simple idea of a circular-shaped building, reflecting the shape of the sun, moon, and stars, which influenced the architecture and science of ancient Egypt.

The design of the new library, the Bibliotheca Alexandrina, took inspiration from the ancient Library of Alexandria, but it was not a replica. Instead, it was a contemporary symbol of knowledge and learning. The library's construction began in 1995 and took five years to complete, opening its doors to the public on October 16, 2002, in a grand opening ceremony attended by dignitaries from all over the world.

Today, the Bibliotheca Alexandrina is not only a library, but it is also a cultural center that hosts conferences, exhibitions, concerts, and more. The library's collections now hold more than 2 million books, making it one of the largest in the world. Additionally, the library is home to four museums, fourteen permanent exhibitions, and more than ten specialized libraries, including ones that focus on children, Arabic and Islamic heritage, and Alexandria's history.

One thing that sets the Bibliotheca Alexandrina apart from other libraries is its use of technology. The library has high-tech facilities like a planetarium, a digital library, and an online platform that provides access to databases, journals, and e-books from anywhere in the world. Additionally, the library has a conservation and restoration lab that aims to preserve the library's collections.

Where is the Bibliotheca Alexandrina based?

The library was founded in 2002 on the same site as the famed library of ancient Alexandria, which was one of the largest and most prominent libraries of the ancient world.

The original Library of Alexandria was founded in the 3rd century BC by Ptolemy I Soter. It housed hundreds of thousands of books and manuscripts, making it the center of scholarship and intellectualism in the ancient world. It was expanded over time, with the addition of the Serapeum, a temple-library dedicated to the god Serapis.

Unfortunately, the original Library of Alexandria was destroyed over time by fires and wars, with its last remnants destroyed in the 7th century AD during the Arab conquest of Egypt. This was a great loss for the world, as many priceless works of literature, philosophy, and science were lost forever.

Now, let's fast forward to the late 20th century. In 1974, the idea of a new library in Alexandria was first proposed by a group of Egyptian intellectuals. The goal was to create a new library that would symbolize Egypt's dedication to knowledge and intellectualism, and help revive the lost legacy of the ancient Library of Alexandria.

Finally, in 1986, the Egyptian government created the Bibliotheca Alexandrina Project, which would fund the construction of the new library. The project was overseen by the Alexandria Library Authority, and a competition was held to select the design for the new library. In 1988, the Norwegian architectural firm Snøhetta was chosen as the winner.

Construction began in 1995, and the library was finally opened on October 16, 2002. The new Bibliotheca Alexandrina was a marvel of modern architecture, featuring a stunning glass facade and a vast central atrium that was inspired by the design of the original Library of Alexandria.

Inside, the library was just as impressive. It housed over eight million books, manuscripts, and other materials, making it one of the largest libraries in the world. It also featured a planetarium, a conference center, numerous museums and art galleries, and even a rooftop garden.

The Bibliotheca Alexandrina quickly became a center of learning and scholarship in the modern world, attracting scholars and intellectuals from around the globe. It played host to numerous conferences, lectures, and cultural events, and it even created its own publishing house to promote Egyptian and Arabic literature.

Today, the Bibliotheca Alexandrina continues to be a beacon of knowledge and intellectualism in the world. It has expanded its collections to include digital media and other modern technologies, and it remains a vital center of research and scholarship for Egypt and the world at large.

Why should travelers visit this library? 

It is a stunning masterpiece of design and engineering that will leave you breathless the moment you set foot inside. You'll be transported to a world of grandeur and artistic beauty that few other libraries can rival. From the intricate details on the walls to the high ceilings and stained glass windows, every inch of this library exudes elegance and sophistication.

But it's not just the beauty of the building that makes it worth visiting. This library houses an incredible collection of books, manuscripts, and artifacts that spans centuries of human history and culture. You'll find everything from ancient manuscripts and rare books to contemporary works of fiction and non-fiction. It's a treasure trove of human knowledge and creativity that will inspire and educate you in ways you never thought possible.

The library also offers a variety of services and programs that cater to different interests and age groups. For instance, if you're a budding writer, you can attend writing workshops and author readings. If you're a history buff, you can take guided tours that will give you a fascinating insight into the library's collection and the cultural and social context in which they were created. There are also children's programs, art exhibitions, and music concerts that provide fun and educational experiences for the whole family.

In addition to all these wonderful features, the library offers a peaceful and tranquil atmosphere that is perfect for anyone looking for a quiet retreat from the hustle and bustle of daily life. Whether you're a student looking for a quiet place to study, a writer seeking inspiration, or simply someone who enjoys the peacefulness of a library, this place is a haven of relaxation and reflection.

But perhaps the most significant reason why you should visit this library is its role as a cultural and intellectual hub for the community. It is a place where people from all walks of life can come together to share ideas, learn from each other, and celebrate their differences. It is a true symbol of the power of knowledge and the importance of education in our world.

What type of travelers will enjoy visiting this library well known for learning and culture?

One type of traveler that would enjoy visiting the Bibliotheca Alexandrina is the history buff. This library is a treasure trove of information about the history of the region, Egypt in particular, but also covering a wider swath of the Mediterranean world. With over four million books and manuscripts, including a collection of rare books and manuscripts, the Bibliotheca Alexandrina is a must-visit destination for anyone interested in the history of Egypt and beyond.

But the Bibliotheca Alexandrina is not just for history buffs. Anyone with an interest in literature and the arts will also find something to enjoy here. The library has a wide range of novels, poetry collections, plays, and art books, and even has a section devoted to children's literature. So if you're a book lover in search of your next great read, you'll definitely want to check out this incredible library.

Another type of traveler that may find the Bibliotheca Alexandrina appealing is the culture seeker. The library is located in the heart of Alexandria, which is a city with a rich cultural heritage. Visitors can take a stroll through the streets and soak up the atmosphere, perhaps stopping to visit one of the many museums or galleries that showcase the city's history and art. The library is also conveniently located near some of Alexandria's best restaurants and cafes, so it's easy to grab a bite to eat or a cup of coffee while taking in the local culture.

Finally, the Bibliotheca Alexandrina is a great destination for anyone who loves architecture and design. The library is a stunning building that features a modern, minimalist design that is both striking and functional. The roof of the library features a giant sun disk that is made of glass and reflects the light of the sun, creating a stunning visual effect. The building also features a unique circular design that is meant to resemble the city's ancient lighthouse.

What is the significance of the library's reading room? 

When it comes to iconic places for book lovers, the Bibliotheca Alexandrina in Egypt is certainly one of the most impressive ones. The library has been designed to inspire the love of literature and learning, and has become a must-visit place for book enthusiasts across the globe. One of the most stunning features of the Bibliotheca Alexandrina is its reading room, which has captivated visitors for decades with its unique design and impressive features. In this essay, we will explore the significance of the Bibliotheca Alexandrina reading room and what makes it so special.

The Bibliotheca Alexandrina reading room is an incredible work of architecture that boasts many unique features. Located on the second floor of the library, the reading room is an expansive, circular space that spans 42 meters in diameter and 60 meters in height. Beneath the reading room, there is a sunken area with reception desks, offices, and the service room. There is also a basement level that contains stack rooms, work rooms, and small offices.

One of the most striking features of the reading room is its stunning roof. The ceiling is made up of panels that have been designed to mimic the shape of the sun and the moon, creating a beautiful light and shadow effect. The panels are also adjustable, allowing natural light to enter the room during the daytime and changing the lighting effects throughout the day. This creates an awe-inspiring ambiance that is perfect for reading, studying, or reflecting.

The Bibliotheca Alexandrina reading room is also home to an impressive collection of books. The library is home to over 8 million books, many of which are available for visitors to read and borrow. In addition to the vast collection of books, the library is also home to an impressive collection of manuscripts, maps, and other rare materials. This makes the Bibliotheca Alexandrina reading room an ideal place for researchers and scholars to conduct their work and study.

Another unique feature of the Bibliotheca Alexandrina reading room is its use of technology. The library has been designed to meet the needs of modern readers and scholars, and has incorporated state-of-the-art technology into its design. The reading room is equipped with Wi-Fi, touch screens, and other technological features that make it easy for visitors to access information and resources.

The Bibliotheca Alexandrina reading room also plays an important role in promoting education and literacy. The library hosts a variety of events and exhibitions throughout the year, including talks, lectures, and workshops. These events are designed to inspire a love of learning and promote intellectual curiosity in both young and old visitors.

In addition to its role in promoting education and literacy, the Bibliotheca Alexandrina reading room is also a symbol of Egypt's rich cultural heritage. The library is located in Alexandria, a city that was once home to one of the most famous libraries in the world. The original Library of Alexandria was destroyed in antiquity, but the Bibliotheca Alexandrina has been designed to pay homage to its legacy. By visiting the library and its reading room, visitors can gain a deeper understanding of Egypt's rich cultural history and the role that Alexandria has played in shaping the world we live in today.

What type of architecture is the Bibliotheca Alexandrina known for? 

The Bibliotheca Alexandrina, or Library of Alexandria, is known for its stunning modern architecture. It was first built in the third century BCE, but tragically burned down in the first century BCE.

The new library was designed and built in the late 1990s and early 2000s by a group of architects led by Norwegian firm Snøhetta. They won an international design competition, and their design was chosen out of 532 entries from all over the world.

The main feature of the library's architecture is its expansive roof. The roof spans over the library's outdoor plaza, and is supported by four concrete columns that resemble leaning books. The roof is made up of over 18,000 granite panels, and features a stunning sunken garden that you can walk through.

The library's exterior is made of gray Aswan granite, and is covered in inscriptions in various languages, including ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics, Greek, and Arabic. The inscriptions cover a wide range of topics, from science and philosophy to literature and music.

The library's interior is just as impressive as its exterior. The reading room is the largest in the world, with space for over eight million books. The shelves are arranged in a spiral pattern that winds up through the library's seven floors, and a vast majority of the books are in digital format.

The library also features a planetarium, conference center, and a number of galleries and exhibition spaces. It's truly a modern marvel of architecture and design.

When you visit the Bibliotheca Alexandrina, it's hard not to be struck by the sheer scale and grandeur of the building. The architects have done an incredible job of blending modern design with traditional Egyptian and Mediterranean influences.

Plus, it's not just a pretty building – it's also a hub for knowledge and learning. The library hosts conferences, lectures, and other events on a regular basis, and visitors can explore its vast collection of books and digital resources.

How much does it cost to visit the Bibliotheca Alexandrina? 

First things first – admission to the Bibliotheca Alexandrina is free of charge! That's right, you read correctly. You can enter this architectural marvel and explore its vast collection of books without spending a dime.

But wait, there's more! The Bibliotheca Alexandrina also offers guided tours for a fee. These tours range in price depending on the length and type of tour you choose. The most basic tour lasts for 45 minutes and costs 50 Egyptian pounds (about $3 USD). This tour will take you through the library's general collections. If you're interested in a more in-depth and specialized tour, you have a few other options:

- The Ancient Manuscripts Museum Tour: This tour lasts for 60 minutes and costs 100 Egyptian pounds (about $6 USD). You'll get to see some of the library's most prized possessions, including ancient manuscripts and early printed books.
- The Special Collections Library and Exhibitions Tour: This tour lasts for 60 minutes and costs 120 Egyptian pounds (about $7 USD). This tour will take you to the Special Collections Library and some of the library's current exhibitions.
- The Planetarium Tour: Want to explore the night sky? This 45-minute tour costs 50 Egyptian pounds (about $3 USD) and will take you on a journey through our galaxy in the library's state-of-the-art planetarium.

In addition to guided tours, the Bibliotheca Alexandrina also offers a variety of workshops and events for a fee. These workshops and events are designed to help visitors deepen their understanding of various subjects such as literature, science, and art. Prices for these workshops and events vary, so it's best to check the library's website for up-to-date information.

What time does the library open? Which days is it open?

The Bibliotheca Alexandrina is open every day of the week, including weekends and holidays. This means that no matter when you arrive in Alexandria, you'll have the opportunity to visit this incredible institution. However, the library is closed on certain national holidays, so be sure to check ahead of time if you're unsure.

So, what are the opening hours? The library typically opens its doors at 10:00 AM and closes at 7:00 PM every day of the week. However, there are a few exceptions to this rule. On Fridays and Saturdays, the library closes half an hour later at 7:30 PM. During the holy month of Ramadan, the library operates on reduced hours, opening at 12:00 PM and closing at 4:00 PM.

It's also worth noting that the library may close early on occasion due to events or maintenance work. It's always a good idea to check the Bibliotheca Alexandrina's website or social media pages for updates before planning your visit.

Now that you know when the Bibliotheca Alexandrina is open, you may be wondering what you can expect to see inside. The library's architecture alone is worth the trip, featuring a striking tilted disc structure and a massive reading room inspired by the ancient Library of Alexandria. But beyond the impressive design, you'll find a vast collection of books and other media on everything from history and philosophy to science and technology.

The library also hosts a variety of exhibits and cultural events throughout the year, showcasing everything from contemporary art to ancient artifacts. If you're interested in learning more about Egyptian history and culture, the Bibliotheca Alexandrina is an essential stop on your itinerary.

What is the easiest way to get to the attraction from well-known landmarks in the surrounding area?

First things first, let's talk about the different modes of transportation available. You've got your trusty feet, which are perfect for exploring on foot and getting some exercise. Alternatively, you can cycle or ride a scooter if you're feeling adventurous. If you're not in the mood to walk or cycle, hop on a bus, train, or the subway.

Now, let's get into the nitty-gritty and discuss some concrete examples. Say, for example, you're in New York City, and you want to get to the Empire State Building from Times Square. The easiest way to get there would be via the subway. You can take either the N, Q, R, or W train from the Times Square 42nd St. Station to the 34th St. Herald Square Station. Once you get off the train, you can walk five blocks to reach the Empire State Building.

Or, let's say you're in Chicago, and you want to visit Navy Pier from Millennium Park. The easiest way to get there would be to take the #124 Navy Pier bus. The bus stop is located on Michigan and Randolph and operates every 20-30 minutes.

Now, let's talk about some other factors that may influence your mode of travel. If you're traveling with young children or have mobility issues, walking or cycling may not be the best option. In that case, public transportation would be more accommodating.

Additionally, cost may also be a significant factor in your decision. Walking and cycling are free, while public transportation may have a charge. However, if you plan on taking public transportation frequently during your trip, purchasing a pass or unlimited ride card may save you money in the long run.

Furthermore, safety is always a top priority when traveling. It's vital to keep your surroundings in mind and be aware of your belongings at all times. Walking or cycling may feel safer than taking public transportation, but it's always good to be cautious and aware of your surroundings.