Visit Chouara Tannery in Morocco: Historic Fes Tannery and the Art of Leather – A Journey Through the Leather Tanneries in Fez, Morocco

Nestled within the enchanting city of Fez, Morocco, lies a hidden gem that has been at the heart of centuries-old craftsmanship and tradition – Chouara Tannery. In this bustling metropolis, where history and culture intertwine seamlessly, Chouara Tannery stands as a testament to the artistry and dedication of Moroccan leather makers.

Chouara Tannery, located in the historic Fes el-Bali of Morocco, is renowned as the largest tannery in the city and one of the oldest in the world, known for its traditional leather-making methods.

As you embark on this journey with us, we will take you on a captivating exploration of Chouara Tannery, one of the world's oldest leather tanneries in Fes, offering unparalleled insights into the intricate process of leather production. Discover the secrets of Moroccan leather, witness the tanning process firsthand, and learn how to navigate the sensory experience that is both distinctive and unforgettable.

Fez, with its maze-like medina and rich heritage, provides the backdrop for this immersive adventure. We will also delve into the practical aspects of visiting Chouara Tannery, from getting there to dealing with the unique tannery smell. Along the way, we'll uncover tips to ensure a memorable and enriching experience while avoiding common tannery scams.

When visiting Fes, Morocco, one of the top attractions that should be on your list is to see the tanneries. The city boasts three leather tanneries in Fes, and among them, Chouara Tannery stands out as the largest and most renowned.

So, whether you're a seasoned traveler seeking the best view of Chouara Tannery or a novice eager to go inside the tannery for the first time, join us as we delve into the world of Moroccan leather, explore the main tanneries of Fez, and uncover the incredible artistry that continues to thrive within the walls of Chouara Tannery.

What is Chouara Tannery, and why is it significant in Fez, Morocco?

Chouara Tannery is a historic and iconic tannery located in the heart of Fez, Morocco. Chouara Tannery, located in the Fes el Bali quarter, is not only the largest of the three tanneries but also one of the oldest. It's a place where traditional methods of processing leather have been preserved for centuries. In order to make leather, artisans at Chouara Tannery employ a system of treating leather that involves using natural materials like pigeon poop and cow urine. This unique process is a key part of what makes Moroccan leather so sought after.

It is one of the most significant and renowned tanneries in the city, and its significance lies in several aspects:

1. Historical Significance: Chouara Tannery is one of the oldest tanneries in the world, with a history dating back over a thousand years. It has been a hub for leather production since medieval times, and its traditional methods have been preserved for generations.

2. Cultural Heritage: The tannery represents an integral part of Fez's cultural heritage. Leather production in Fez has remained largely unchanged for centuries, and Chouara Tannery is a living testament to the city's rich history and traditions.

3. Artistry and Craftsmanship: Chouara Tannery is renowned for its skilled artisans who employ age-old techniques to transform raw animal hides into high-quality leather products. The tannery is a showcase of the exceptional craftsmanship that Morocco is famous for.

4. Tourist Attraction: The tannery has become a major tourist attraction in Fez. Visitors from around the world are drawn to Chouara Tannery to witness the leather tanning process, experience the vibrant colors of dyed leather, and purchase unique leather goods.

5. Economic Significance: Leather production, including Chouara Tannery, contributes significantly to Fez's economy. The tannery provides employment opportunities for many locals and plays a pivotal role in sustaining the leather industry in the region.

6. Cultural Exchange: Chouara Tannery serves as a place where visitors can engage in cultural exchange. It offers insights into Moroccan traditions, and visitors can interact with the skilled artisans to learn about the intricate leather-making process.

How can you experience the art of leather making at Chouara Tannery?

Experiencing the art of leather making at Chouara Tannery in Fez, Morocco is a captivating and immersive journey. When you visit Chouara Tannery, you'll have the opportunity to see the tannery in action. The tannery is surrounded by many leather shops, creating a vibrant atmosphere in the Fes el Bali quarter. As you look at the tannery from the edge of the medina, you'll find the tanneries located around it. It's a sensory experience, with the sights, sounds, and even the distinctive scent of the tanning process filling the air. Here are the steps to enjoy this unique experience:

1. Visit Chouara Tannery: Your first step is to make your way to Chouara Tannery in the heart of the Fez medina. It's advisable to visit in the morning when the tannery is most active.

2. Observe from the Terrace: The tannery is a complex of stone vessels filled with dyes and curing agents. As you arrive, you'll likely be directed to a terrace overlooking the tannery. From this vantage point, you can observe the artisans at work, turning raw animal hides into beautiful leather products.

3. Learn the Tanning Process: While on the terrace, you can watch the entire leather tanning process unfold before your eyes. Artisans soak the hides in various vats to remove hair, clean, and soften the leather. They use natural ingredients like pigeon excrement and vegetable dyes to treat the leather, which gives it its distinctive color and texture.

4. Interact with Artisans: Some artisans may approach you and explain the different stages of the tanning process. Feel free to ask questions and engage in conversation to gain a deeper understanding of their craft and the history of Chouara Tannery.

5. Appreciate the Vibrant Colors: Chouara Tannery is known for its vibrant and colorful display of dyed leather. Take in the striking visual spectacle as hides are hung up to dry and the terracotta vessels are filled with dyes of various shades.

6. Shop for Leather Goods: After observing the tanning process, you can explore the surrounding leather shops. Many of these shops offer a wide range of leather products, from bags and shoes to belts and wallets. This is an excellent opportunity to purchase high-quality Moroccan leather goods as souvenirs.

7. Respect Local Customs: While visiting Chouara Tannery, it's essential to be respectful of the artisans and their workspace. Follow any instructions provided by your guide or the locals, and avoid disrupting the tanning process.

8. Embrace the Scent: Chouara Tannery is known for its unique odor due to the natural ingredients used in the tanning process. Embrace the sensory experience, but if you're sensitive to strong scents, you can bring a scarf or handkerchief to cover your nose.

Where is Chouara Tannery located in Fez, and how do you get there?

Chouara Tannery is located in the ancient medina of Fez, Morocco, which is a UNESCO World Heritage site. To get to Chouara Tannery, follow these directions:

1. Reach Fez: If you are coming from outside Fez, you will need to first reach the city. Fez has an international airport (Fes-Saïss Airport) that is well-connected to major European cities. Alternatively, you can arrive in Fez by train or bus from other Moroccan cities like Casablanca, Marrakech, or Rabat.

2. Navigate the Medina: Once you are in Fez, you'll need to navigate the narrow, winding streets of the medina to reach Chouara Tannery. The medina can be quite labyrinthine, so it's a good idea to have a map or a GPS-enabled device with you.

3. Local Guides: Many visitors opt to hire a local guide in Fez who is familiar with the medina's layout and can take them to Chouara Tannery and other attractions. Local guides are well-versed in navigating the intricate alleys and can provide valuable insights into the tannery and its history.

4. Follow the Smell: Another way to locate Chouara Tannery is to follow your nose. The tannery is known for its distinctive odor due to the tanning process, and you can often detect the scent before you see it. Locals and shopkeepers can also point you in the right direction if you ask for "Chouara Tannery" or "Tanneries of Fez."

5. Arrival at the Tannery: Once you arrive near the tannery, you may be directed to a terrace or viewing area where you can observe the tanning process from above. This is a common starting point for visitors, and it offers an excellent view of the tannery operations.

6. Guided Tours: If you prefer a guided experience, there are guided tours available in Fez that include a visit to Chouara Tannery. These tours often provide historical context and insights into the tanning process.

It's important to note that the streets in the medina can be narrow and crowded, so comfortable walking shoes and a sense of adventure are recommended. Also, be prepared for some persistent local guides who may offer their services; you can negotiate the price if you choose to hire one.

Chouara Tannery is not only a fascinating destination for its leather craftsmanship but also for the cultural immersion you'll experience while navigating the historic medina of Fez.

What is the distinctive aroma associated with tanneries in Fez, and how to cope with it?

The distinctive aroma associated with tanneries in Fez, including Chouara Tannery, is often described as pungent and intense. This odor is a result of the traditional leather tanning process, which involves the use of natural materials such as pigeon excrement, cow urine, and various plant-based dyes. While the smell can be overwhelming to some, it's an integral part of the tannery experience and a testament to the authenticity of the craft.

Here are some tips on how to cope with the tannery smell while visiting Chouara Tannery:

1. Prepare Mentally: Knowing in advance that you will encounter a strong odor at the tannery can help mentally prepare you for the experience. Understand that it is a natural part of the traditional leather-making process.

2. Bring a Scarf or Face Mask: Some visitors find it helpful to bring a scarf or face mask to cover their nose and mouth while at the tannery. This can help filter out some of the smell and make it more tolerable.

3. Apply Aromatic Oils: Consider applying a few drops of aromatic oils to a handkerchief or tissue and keep it with you. The pleasant fragrance can help mask the tannery smell.

4. Limit Your Exposure: If the smell becomes overwhelming, take breaks on the tannery terrace or in nearby open areas to breathe in fresh air. You can return to the tannery when you're ready.

5. Stay Upwind: When observing the tannery operations, position yourself upwind of the tannery vats. This can help reduce the intensity of the odor.

6. Use Vapour Rub: Some travelers find relief by applying a small amount of mentholated vapor rub under their nostrils. This can help block out the smell.

7. Stay Hydrated: Drink water to stay hydrated, as this can help lessen the impact of strong odors.

8. Embrace the Experience: Remember that the tannery smell is an integral part of the authentic experience of visiting Chouara Tannery. Try to embrace it as part of the sensory journey of exploring traditional Moroccan craftsmanship.

What role do tannery workers play in the production of leather at Chouara Tannery in Fes el-Bali, Morocco?

Tannery workers at Chouara Tannery in Fes el-Bali, Morocco, play a crucial and multi-faceted role in the production of leather using traditional techniques and natural materials like pigeon poop and cow urine. Their contributions are integral to the tanning process and the overall functioning of the tannery. Here's an overview of the roles and responsibilities of these skilled artisans:

1. Handling Raw Hides: Tannery workers are responsible for receiving and handling the raw animal hides, which are the starting point of the leather-making process. They inspect the hides for quality and prepare them for the subsequent steps.

2. Dehairing and Cleaning: One of the initial steps in leather production involves the removal of hair and flesh from the hides. Workers immerse the hides in a mixture that often includes pigeon poop and cow urine. This mixture softens the hair and flesh, making them easier to remove. Workers then scrape and clean the hides.

3. Dyeing and Coloring: Tannery workers are skilled in the art of dyeing and coloring the leather. Natural plant-based dyes are used to achieve the vibrant and earthy colors associated with Moroccan leather. Workers immerse the hides in dye-filled vats, ensuring that the leather absorbs the desired color.

4. Tanning and Softening: The tanning process, which involves using natural materials like pigeon poop and cow urine, is overseen by these workers. This process not only tans the leather but also softens it, making it pliable and suitable for various uses.

5. Drying and Shaping: After the tanning process, the leather is hung up to dry in the open air and sunlight. Workers ensure that the leather dries evenly and is properly shaped.

6. Crafting Leather Products: Skilled artisans at Chouara Tannery often work on crafting various leather products. These may include bags, shoes, belts, and other items. They use traditional tools and techniques to create these products.

7. Quality Control: Tannery workers are responsible for inspecting the leather at various stages of production to ensure quality and consistency. They make necessary adjustments and refinements to maintain high standards.

8. Preservation of Traditional Methods: Many tannery workers are part of families that have been involved in leather-making for generations. They play a vital role in preserving traditional methods and passing down their knowledge and skills to the next generation.

9. Tour Guides: Some tannery workers also serve as tour guides for visitors who come to explore Chouara Tannery. They provide insights into the tanning process, the history of the tannery, and the significance of ancient leather craftsmanship in Fez.

How do pigeon poop and cow urine contribute to the unique tanning process at Chouara Tannery in Fez?

Pigeon poop and cow urine play specific roles in the unique tanning process at Chouara Tannery in Fez, Morocco, which is one of the largest and most renowned leather tanneries in the historic Fes el-Bali. Here's how these natural materials contribute to the tanning process:

1. Dehairing and Softening: Pigeon poop and cow urine are combined to create a mixture that contains ammonia. This mixture is applied to the animal hides during the dehairing stage of leather production. The ammonia in the mixture helps to soften the hair and outer layers of the hides, making them easier to remove. This step is crucial for preparing the hides for further processing.

2. Natural Alkalinity: Pigeon poop and cow urine are naturally alkaline substances. When applied to the hides, they raise the pH level of the hides, creating an environment that facilitates the breakdown of proteins in the hair and flesh. This process, called "liming," effectively removes these unwanted elements from the hides.

3. Cleaning and Hydration: In addition to dehairing, the ammonia-rich mixture helps clean the hides and hydrate them. This hydration is essential to prevent the hides from becoming too dry and brittle during subsequent stages of the tanning process.

4. Traditional Preservation: The use of pigeon poop and cow urine is part of the traditional tanning methods that have been employed for centuries at Chouara Tannery. These natural materials are considered effective and have been passed down through generations of leather craftsmen in Fez.

5. Unique Scent: While the use of these natural materials contributes to the effectiveness of the tanning process, it also imparts a distinctive odor to the tannery. The combination of ammonia, natural dyes, and leather creates the characteristic scent associated with Chouara Tannery.

When is the best time to visit Fez for the best view of Chouara Tannery?

The best time to visit Chouara Tannery in Fez for the best view and experience can depend on several factors, including the weather, crowd levels, and personal preferences. Here are some considerations to help you choose the optimal time:

1. Morning Hours: Chouara Tannery is most active and vibrant in the morning, typically between 9 AM and 11 AM. During this time, artisans are actively working on the leather, and you'll have the opportunity to observe the leather tanning techniques. The lighting is also generally better for photography during the morning.

2. Weekdays: Weekdays, especially from Tuesday to Thursday, tend to be less crowded than weekends. If you prefer a quieter and more immersive experience, plan your visit during the middle of the week.

3. Avoid Fridays: Friday is a holy day in Islam, and some businesses in Fez, including parts of the medina, may close for midday prayers. This can impact the accessibility and activity levels around Chouara Tannery.

4. Seasonal Considerations: The best time to visit in terms of weather is during the spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November) when temperatures are mild. Summers in Fez can be scorching, so if you're sensitive to heat, it's best to avoid visiting during this time.

5. Festival and Holiday Events: Fez hosts various festivals and events throughout the year. While these can provide unique cultural experiences, they may also draw larger crowds. Check the local event calendar to plan your visit accordingly.

6. Sun Angle: Depending on the time of year, the sun's angle may affect the lighting and visibility at the tannery. To capture the best photographs and enjoy a clear view, consider the sun's position in the sky.

7. Local Advice: When you arrive in Fez, consider asking locals or your accommodation hosts for recommendations on the best time to visit Chouara Tannery. They may provide valuable insights based on current conditions.

Who are the main tanneries, and what sets Chouara Tannery apart?

In Fez, Morocco, there are several tanneries, but Chouara Tannery is one of the most famous and significant. Here's an overview of the main tanneries of Fez and what sets Chouara Tannery apart:

1. Chouara Tannery:

   • Historical Significance: Chouara Tannery is one of the oldest tanneries in the world, with a history dating back over a thousand years. It has preserved traditional leather-making techniques that have been passed down through generations.
   • Craftsmanship: Chouara Tannery is renowned for its skilled artisans who use age-old methods to create high-quality leather products. The tannery produces a wide range of leather goods, from bags and shoes to belts and wallets.
   • Location: Chouara Tannery is located in the heart of the Fez area of the medina, making it easily accessible to tourists. Its central location and historical significance make it a must-visit attraction.
   • Visiting Experience: Chouara Tannery provides visitors with the opportunity to observe the leather tanning process from terraces overlooking the tannery. It offers a unique and immersive experience, allowing tourists to witness the entire transformation of raw hides into leather products.
   • Cultural Significance: Chouara Tannery represents a vital part of Fez's cultural heritage, showcasing the city's traditional craftsmanship and dedication to preserving age-old techniques.
     
     

2. Sidi Moussa Tannery:

   • Size: Sidi Moussa Tannery is one of the larger tanneries in Fez, known for its extensive operations and high leather production capacity.
   • Variety: This tannery produces a wide variety of leather goods, including bags, shoes, and jackets, catering to both local and international markets.
     
     

3. Ain Azliten Tannery:

   • Specialization: Ain Azliten Tannery is known for specializing in the production of high-quality leather slippers known as "babouches." These slippers are a traditional Moroccan footwear item.
   • Artisanal Work: Artisans at Ain Azliten Tannery craft babouches using intricate embroidery and designs, making them sought-after souvenirs.

How does the leather tanning process work at Chouara Tannery?

The leather tanning process at Chouara Tannery in Fez, Morocco, is a meticulously crafted and time-honored tradition. Here is an overview of the steps involved in the tanning process at Chouara Tannery:

1. Raw Hide Collection:

   • The process begins with the collection of raw animal hides, primarily from sheep, goats, and cows. These hides are sourced from various places and brought to the tannery.
     
     

2. Removal of Hair and Flesh:

   • The first step in tanning is the removal of hair and flesh from the animal hides. This is achieved through a process called "dehairing." The hides are soaked in large vats filled with a mixture of water and a natural substance, often lime or pigeon excrement. This mixture softens the hair and flesh, making it easier to remove.
     
     

3. Scraping and Cleaning:

   • After dehairing, the hides are removed from the vats, and artisans scrape off any remaining hair and flesh using sharp tools. This process also helps in cleaning the hides.
     
     

4. Soaking and Softening:

   • The hides are then soaked in water to remove any remaining impurities and further soften the leather. They may be soaked multiple times to achieve the desired level of softness.
     
     

5. Dyeing:

   • The dyeing process is a crucial step in creating the vibrant colors that Moroccan leather is known for. Natural plant-based dyes are used to color the hides. These dyes can include saffron, henna, poppy, and indigo. Artisans immerse the hides in dye-filled vats, allowing the leather to absorb the color. Multiple dye baths may be required to achieve the desired hue.
     
     

6. Drying:

   • After dyeing, the hides are hung up to dry in the open air and sunlight. This drying process helps set the color and further softens the leather.
     
     

7. Finishing and Crafting:

   • Once the hides are fully dried, they are ready for crafting into various leather products. Skilled artisans at Chouara Tannery use the dyed leather to create an array of items, including bags, shoes, belts, and more. They cut and stitch the leather to shape it into the desired products, often using traditional tools and techniques.
     
     

8. Final Inspection:

   • Each crafted item undergoes a final inspection to ensure its quality. Any necessary finishing touches or adjustments are made during this stage.
     
     

9. Display and Sale:

   • The finished leather products are then displayed for sale in the surrounding shops and markets in Fez. Visitors to Chouara Tannery can explore these shops and purchase unique Moroccan leather goods.

How old is the tannery in Fez Morocco?

Chouara Tannery in Fez, Morocco, is believed to be one of the oldest tanneries in the world, with a history that spans over a thousand years. Its exact age is difficult to pinpoint precisely, but it is widely acknowledged to have been in operation for many centuries. This tannery's age and its preservation of traditional leather-making techniques make it a significant historical and cultural landmark in Fez and Morocco as a whole.

What is special about Fez?

Fez, Morocco, is a city steeped in history and culture, and several aspects make it special and captivating for travelers:

1. Historic Medina: Fez boasts one of the world's best-preserved medieval cities, known as the Fez Medina. Its labyrinthine streets, historic architecture, and bustling souks (markets) transport visitors back in time to a bygone era.

2. UNESCO World Heritage: The entire medina of Fez is designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site, recognized for its architectural and cultural significance. It's a living testament to centuries of history and tradition.

3. Ancient Universities: Fez is home to some of the world's oldest universities, including the University of Al Quaraouiyine, founded in 859 AD. It played a pivotal role in the development of Islamic education and remains operational today.

4. Artisan Traditions: Fez is renowned for its traditional craftsmanship, particularly in leatherwork, ceramics, and textiles. The city's tanneries, such as Chouara Tannery, showcase centuries-old leather-making techniques.

5. Culinary Delights: Moroccan cuisine is world-famous, and Fez offers an array of delectable dishes. Tagine, couscous, pastries, and mint tea are just some of the culinary delights to savor.

6. Rich Cultural Heritage: The city's cultural heritage is celebrated through its music, dance, and festivals. Traditional Andalusian music and the annual Fes Festival of World Sacred Music are highlights.

7. Historical Monuments: Fez is home to numerous historical monuments and landmarks, including the Bou Inania Madrasa, Dar Batha Museum, and the Merenid Tombs, which offer glimpses into Morocco's past.

8. Traditional Architecture: The city is known for its stunning architecture, featuring intricate tilework, geometric patterns, and decorative elements that showcase Islamic and Moorish design.

9. Hospitality: Moroccans are known for their warm and welcoming hospitality, and Fez is no exception. Visitors often find themselves immersed in local culture and traditions through interactions with friendly locals.

10. Craftsmanship: Fez is a hub for artisans and craftsmen who create exquisite handmade products, from leather goods to pottery and textiles. These make for excellent souvenirs.

11. Mystical Atmosphere: The city's narrow alleyways, vibrant markets, and historic landmarks create a mystical and enchanting atmosphere that captivates travelers.

12. Gateway to Morocco: Fez serves as an excellent starting point for exploring other parts of Morocco, including the Sahara Desert, the Atlas Mountains, and the imperial cities of Marrakech and Rabat.

Can you go inside the Fez Tanneries?

In Fez, Morocco, you can typically go inside some of the tanneries, including Chouara Tannery, to witness the leather-making process up close. Visitors are often directed to terraces or viewing platforms overlooking the tanneries, which provide an excellent vantage point to observe the various stages of leather production.

However, there are a few important considerations:

1. Terrace Access: Access to the terraces overlooking the tanneries is usually open to visitors. Local guides or shopkeepers in the area may guide you to these viewing areas.

2. Guided Tours: Many tourists opt to join guided tours that include a visit to Chouara Tannery. These tours often provide valuable insights into the tanning process and the history of the tanneries.

3. Respectful Behavior: When visiting the tanneries, it's important to be respectful of the artisans and their workspace. Follow any instructions provided by your guide or locals, and avoid disrupting the tanning process.

4. Sensory Experience: Be prepared for the strong and distinctive odor associated with the tanning process. While it may be initially intense, many visitors adapt to the smell after a short time.

5. Photography: Feel free to take photographs, but be considerate of the artisans and ask for permission if you want to photograph them specifically. It's also advisable to check the local customs and guidelines regarding photography.

6. Shopping Opportunities: After your visit, you'll have the chance to explore surrounding shops and markets that sell leather goods crafted from the tannery's output. This is an excellent opportunity to purchase Moroccan leather products as souvenirs.

Is the Chouara Tannery worth visiting?

Chouara Tannery in Fez, Morocco, is undoubtedly worth visiting for several reasons:

1. Historical Significance: Chouara Tannery is one of the oldest tanneries in the world, with a history that spans over a thousand years. It represents an ancient craft that has been practiced for centuries and is an integral part of Fez's heritage.

2. Cultural Experience: Visiting Chouara Tannery provides a unique cultural experience, allowing you to witness traditional leather-making techniques that have been passed down through generations. It offers insight into Morocco's rich artisanal traditions.

3. Unique Sights and Smells: While the tannery may have a distinctive odor due to the tanning process, this sensory experience is part of its authenticity. The vibrant colors of the dyed hides and the bustling activity of the artisans make for unique and memorable sights.

4. Craftsmanship: The tannery is a hub of skilled artisans who create high-quality leather products. It's an opportunity to see the craftsmanship that goes into making Moroccan leather goods, from bags and shoes to belts and wallets.

5. Photography Opportunities: Chouara Tannery offers excellent photo opportunities, with its colorful vats and the contrast of the leather against the historic backdrop of the medina. It's a photographer's paradise.

6. Shopping: After your visit, you can explore nearby shops and markets in the medina to purchase leather products crafted from the tannery's output. These make for unique and authentic souvenirs.

7. Immersive Experience: The tannery visit is an immersive experience that allows you to see every stage of the leather-making process, from raw hides to finished products. You can watch as artisans work with precision and skill.

What animal is used to make Moroccan leather?

Moroccan leather is primarily made from the hides of various animals, including:

1. Goats: Goat leather is commonly used in Morocco and is known for its durability and flexibility. It is often used to make items such as bags, shoes, and belts.

2. Sheep: Sheepskin is another common source of leather in Morocco. It is known for its softness and is often used for making clothing and leather accessories.

3. Cows: Cowhide is used for heavier leather goods, such as saddles and larger bags. It is thicker and more robust than goat or sheep leather.

4. Camels: Camel leather is less common but is still used in Morocco. It is known for its strength and is used to make items like sandals and belts.

What are some of the unique leather products available?

Morocco is renowned for its high-quality leather products, and you can find a wide range of unique leather items while exploring the markets and artisan shops. Some of the distinctive leather products available in Morocco include:

1. Babouches: Traditional Moroccan leather slippers known as "babouches" are among the most iconic leather items. They come in various styles, colors, and designs, and are often elaborately decorated with embroidery.

2. Leather Bags: Moroccan leather bags, including shoulder bags, handbags, and backpacks, are popular among visitors. The leather is often adorned with intricate patterns and metal embellishments.

3. Leather Shoes: Handcrafted leather shoes, both traditional and modern styles, are widely available. Moroccan leather shoes are known for their comfort and durability.

4. Belts: Leather belts are a common accessory, often featuring decorative buckles and designs. They can be plain or intricately tooled.

5. Wallets and Purses: Leather wallets and coin purses are practical souvenirs that showcase Moroccan craftsmanship. They come in various sizes and styles.

6. Jackets and Coats: Leather jackets and coats are available in Moroccan markets. They are typically made from high-quality leather and can be tailored to fit.

7. Moroccan Poufs: Leather poufs are decorative and functional items, often used as seating or footrests. They come in various colors and can add a touch of Moroccan style to any space.

8. Moroccan Carpets and Rugs: While not strictly leather, Moroccan rugs often feature leather elements, such as leather strips woven into the design. These rugs are prized for their craftsmanship.

9. Decorative Items: Leather is also used to craft decorative items such as lampshades, cushion covers, and tableware. These items often feature intricate geometric patterns.

10. Jewelry: Leather jewelry, including bracelets and necklaces, is often embellished with traditional Moroccan motifs and can be found in jewelry shops and markets.

11. Book Covers: Artisan-crafted leather book covers, often embossed with intricate designs, make for unique and elegant gifts or personal items.

12. Luggage and Travel Accessories: Moroccan leather luggage, travel bags, and passport holders are not only functional but also stylish and durable.

When shopping for leather products in Morocco, keep in mind that haggling is a common practice in the markets, so don't hesitate to negotiate the price. Additionally, be sure to check the quality of the leather and craftsmanship to ensure you're getting an authentic and well-made product. Moroccan leather goods are not only beautiful but also a lasting reminder of your visit to this culturally rich country.

When is Chouara Tannery open & what is the entry fee?

Chouara Tannery in Fez, Morocco, does not have specific opening hours like a typical tourist attraction. It operates as a traditional tannery, and the artisans follow their work schedule, which usually involves daylight hours during the week.

There is no official entry fee to visit Chouara Tannery itself. However, visitors are often encouraged or expected to make a small purchase, such as a leather product or a leather-related souvenir, from the surrounding shops or stalls. This is a common practice in many tanneries and markets in Morocco, as it helps support the local economy and artisans.

While there is no formal entry fee, it's a good idea to have some small change or cash on hand if you plan to make a purchase or if you want to tip your guide if you have one. Additionally, if you hire a local guide to take you to Chouara Tannery, you'll likely agree on a fee for their services in advance.

Keep in mind that the primary purpose of visiting Chouara Tannery is to witness the traditional leather-making process and gain insights into Moroccan craftsmanship, so the experience itself is the main attraction.

When is the best time to visit the Fes Tanneries, considering the smell factor?

If you are concerned about the smell when visiting the tanneries in Fez, Morocco, it's advisable to plan your visit during a time when the odor is less intense. Here are some considerations to help you choose the best time:

1. Morning Hours: The tanneries tend to be less odorous in the morning, typically between 9 AM and 11 AM. This is when artisans are actively working on the leather, and the vats have been freshly cleaned. It's a good time for a visit if you're sensitive to strong smells.

2. Weekdays: Weekdays, especially from Tuesday to Thursday, tend to be less crowded and may have less intense odors compared to weekends. The tanneries are operational throughout the week, so you can visit during the workdays for a potentially more pleasant experience.

3. Avoid Midday: Try to avoid visiting during the midday hours when the sun is at its peak and temperatures are higher. The heat can intensify the odor.

4. Consider Cooler Seasons: If possible, plan your visit during the cooler seasons, such as spring (March to May) or autumn (September to November). During these months, the heat is less intense, which can help reduce the smell.

5. Local Advice: When you arrive in Fez, consider asking locals or your accommodation hosts for recommendations on the best time to visit the tanneries. They may provide valuable insights based on current conditions.

6. Personal Tolerance: Keep in mind that the smell can vary from day to day and from person to person. Some visitors adapt to the odor relatively quickly, while others may find it more challenging. Be prepared for the initial intensity and give yourself time to acclimate.

What precautions should you take to avoid tannery scams when buying leather in Fez?

While shopping for leather goods in Fez, Morocco, it's essential to be aware of potential tannery scams and take precautions to ensure a fair and honest transaction. Here are some tips to help you avoid scams and make informed purchases:

1. Research Prices: Before you start shopping, research typical prices for the leather items you're interested in. This will give you a general idea of what to expect and help you recognize if a price seems unusually high or low.

2. Shop at Established Stores: Consider shopping at established and reputable leather shops and boutiques in the medina. Look for stores with good reviews or recommendations from fellow travelers. Reputable shops are less likely to engage in scams.

3. Ask for Recommendations: Seek recommendations from your accommodation hosts or local guides for trusted leather shops. Locals often know the most reputable places to shop.

4. Inspect the Goods: Examine the leather products closely. Check for quality, stitching, and craftsmanship. Inspect zippers, clasps, and closures to ensure they work properly.

5. Bargain Wisely: Bargaining is common in Moroccan markets, but do so respectfully. Start with a lower counteroffer but be willing to pay a fair price for quality. Keep in mind that a fair price benefits both you and the artisan.

6. Be Cautious with Unusual Discounts: If a shop offers you a steep discount that seems too good to be true, exercise caution. Scammers may use this tactic to lure unsuspecting tourists.

7. Ask About Return Policies: Inquire about the shop's return or exchange policy before making a purchase. Reputable stores often have fair return policies in case you change your mind about a purchase.

8. Request a Receipt: When making a purchase, request a detailed receipt that includes the item's description, price, and shop information. This can be helpful if you encounter any issues later.

9. Avoid High-Pressure Sales Tactics: Be wary of aggressive sales tactics, high-pressure approaches, or overly persistent salespeople. Take your time to make an informed decision.

10. Trust Your Instincts: If something doesn't feel right or you have doubts about a transaction, trust your instincts and consider walking away. There are plenty of reputable shops to choose from in Fez.

11. Use Local Guides: If you have a local guide, they can help navigate the market and negotiate on your behalf. They are often familiar with fair prices and can assist in avoiding scams.

12. Document the Transaction: If possible, take photos of the items you purchase and the shop's exterior. This can be useful in case you encounter any issues later.

Why should you consider a stay in Fez to explore Chouara Tannery and other attractions?

Staying in Fez while exploring Chouara Tannery and other attractions in the city offers several advantages and enriching experiences:

1. Immersive Cultural Experience: Staying in Fez allows you to immerse yourself in the city's rich culture and history. You can explore the medina's winding streets, interact with locals, and witness daily life up close.

2. Convenient Access: When you stay in Fez, you have easy access to Chouara Tannery and other attractions within the medina. You can explore at your own pace, visit the tannery multiple times, and take advantage of early morning or late afternoon visits when the smell may be less intense.

3. Guided Tours: Staying in Fez gives you the opportunity to book guided tours of Chouara Tannery and other historic sites. Knowledgeable guides can provide valuable insights into the city's history, culture, and craftsmanship.

4. Local Cuisine: Fez is known for its delicious Moroccan cuisine. Staying in the city allows you to savor local dishes, from tagines to pastries, in authentic settings. You can explore traditional food markets and dine at local eateries.

5. Shopping Opportunities: Fez offers an array of shopping opportunities beyond Chouara Tannery. You can explore artisan shops, markets, and souks to purchase leather goods, ceramics, textiles, and more.

6. Historic Accommodations: Fez offers a range of historic and charming accommodations, including riads (traditional Moroccan guesthouses) and boutique hotels. Staying in one of these accommodations adds to the overall experience.

7. Exploration Beyond the Tannery: Fez boasts numerous other attractions, including historical monuments, mosques, madrasas, museums, and gardens. Staying in the city allows you to explore these sites at your leisure.

8. Local Interactions: Staying in Fez provides opportunities for genuine interactions with locals. You can engage in conversations, learn about Moroccan customs, and gain a deeper understanding of the city's traditions.

9. Supporting the Local Economy: By staying in Fez, you contribute to the local economy and support small businesses, artisans, and the preservation of the medina's cultural heritage.

10. Flexible Schedule: With accommodations in Fez, you have the flexibility to choose when and how you explore the city. You can adjust your schedule based on your interests and preferences.

What can you expect when you go inside the Tannery in Fez?

When you go inside Chouara Tannery in Fez, Morocco, you can expect a unique and immersive experience that provides a close-up look at the traditional leather-making process. Here's what you can typically expect when you enter the tannery:

1. Close Proximity to the Tanning Process: Chouara Tannery is a working tannery, so you'll have the opportunity to get up close to the various stages of leather production. This includes vats filled with dye, artisans working on the hides, and drying racks with leather hung out to dry.

2. Distinctive Odor: One of the most distinctive aspects of the tannery is its strong and unique smell, which is a result of the natural materials used in the tanning process. You can expect to encounter this odor when you enter the tannery, especially in the immediate vicinity of the vats.

3. Vibrant Colors: The tannery is known for its vibrant colors, as natural plant-based dyes are used to color the leather. You'll see hides in various stages of dyeing, creating a visually striking and colorful display.

4. Skilled Artisans: Chouara Tannery is home to skilled artisans who have mastered the craft of leather-making. You can observe them using traditional tools and techniques to work on the leather.

5. Photo Opportunities: The tannery offers excellent photo opportunities. You can capture the vibrant vats, artisans at work, and the contrast of the leather against the historic backdrop of the medina. However, it's courteous to ask for permission before photographing the artisans themselves.

6. Sensory Experience: Beyond the visual aspects, visiting the tannery provides a sensory experience that includes the smell of the tanning process, the sounds of artisans at work, and the tactile sensation of touching leather hides.

7. Local Guides: You may encounter local guides or workers who can provide information about the tanning process, the history of the tannery, and the significance of leather craftsmanship in Fez. Guides can enhance your understanding of the experience.

8. Shopping Opportunities: After your visit to Chouara Tannery, you'll have the opportunity to explore nearby shops and markets where you can purchase leather goods crafted from the tannery's output. This is an excellent opportunity to buy Moroccan leather products as souvenirs.

What does the Fes Tanneries smell like?

The tanneries in Fez, including Chouara Tannery, are known for their distinctive and pungent smell. The odor is a result of the traditional leather-tanning process, which uses natural materials and techniques that have been employed for centuries. The specific smell in the tanneries is often described as a combination of several elements:

1. Ammonia: The tanning process involves the use of pigeon excrement and cow urine, both of which contain ammonia. This ammonia-rich mixture is used to soften the animal hides and remove hair. As a result, the tanneries emit an ammonia-like scent.

2. Natural Dyes: Natural plant-based dyes, such as saffron, henna, and indigo, are used to color the leather. These dyes contribute to the unique aroma of the tanneries.

3. Animal Hides: The presence of animal hides and leather in various stages of processing also contributes to the scent. Hides have a natural odor, and the tanning process can amplify this smell.

4. Fermentation: The combination of natural materials, water, and the tanning process can lead to a fermentation-like odor.

While the smell in the tanneries is strong and distinctive, many visitors find that they adapt to it after a short time. It's an essential part of the authentic experience of visiting these centuries-old workshops. To cope with the smell, some travelers choose to bring a scarf or face mask to cover their nose and mouth. Others use aromatic oils or mentholated vapor rubs to help mask the odor. Ultimately, the sensory aspect, including the unique scent, is an integral part of the rich cultural heritage of Fez and Morocco.

What are the top things to do in Fes, and how does visiting Chouara Tannery fit in?

Fes, one of Morocco's most historically and culturally significant cities, offers a wide range of attractions and activities for visitors. Here are some of the top things to do in Fes, along with how visiting Chouara Tannery fits into your overall experience:

1. Explore the Medina: The historic medina of Fes is a UNESCO World Heritage site and one of the world's largest car-free urban areas. Wandering through its labyrinthine streets is an adventure in itself. You can explore the medina's souks (markets), visit historic sites, and immerse yourself in its vibrant atmosphere.

2. Visit Bou Inania Madrasa: This 14th-century religious school is a masterpiece of Moroccan architecture, featuring intricate tilework and woodcarvings. It's a stunning example of Islamic art and history.

3. Discover Al-Attarine Madrasa: Another beautifully decorated madrasa, Al-Attarine is known for its intricate zellige tilework and stucco plasterwork. It's a testament to the skill of Moroccan artisans.

4. Tour the Royal Palace: While you can't enter the palace, you can visit its grand bronze doors and admire its impressive architecture from the outside.

5. Visit Chouara Tannery: Chouara Tannery is one of the most iconic attractions in Fes. It's one of the oldest tanneries in the world and provides a fascinating look into traditional leather-making techniques. Witnessing the tanning process, vibrant dyes, and skilled artisans at work is a must-do in Fes.

6. Marvel at the Bou Jeloud Gardens: These beautiful gardens offer a peaceful escape from the bustling medina. You can relax in a tranquil setting with fountains, orange trees, and colorful flowers.

7. Explore the Mellah: Fes has a historic Jewish quarter called the Mellah, which is worth exploring for its unique architecture and cultural significance.

8. Visit the Dar Batha Museum: Housed in a former palace, this museum showcases Moroccan art, ceramics, textiles, and traditional craftsmanship.

9. Admire the Bab Boujloud: Known as the Blue Gate, this iconic entrance to the medina is a popular spot for photos. It features striking blue tilework and is a symbol of Fes.

10. Indulge in Moroccan Cuisine: Fes is known for its delicious Moroccan cuisine. Don't miss the opportunity to savor local dishes such as tagines, couscous, pastries, and mint tea at local restaurants and food stalls.

Where can you stay in Fes, close to the Fez Tannery?

Staying in the vicinity of Chouara Tannery in Fes allows you to conveniently explore this iconic attraction and the surrounding medina. While there may not be accommodations right next to the tannery itself due to its location within the medina's narrow streets, you can find various riads, hotels, and guesthouses in the medina and nearby areas. Here are some options for lodging close to the Fez Tannery:

1. Riads in the Medina: Riads are traditional Moroccan guesthouses often located within the medina. Many riads offer a charming and authentic stay experience. Some riads in the medina may be within walking distance of Chouara Tannery.

2. Fes el-Bali: This is the historic medina of Fes, where Chouara Tannery is located. Accommodations within Fes el-Bali can provide a convenient base for exploring the tannery and other attractions.

3. Bab Boujloud Area: The area around Bab Boujloud, the Blue Gate, offers several hotels and guesthouses. It's a central location within the medina and provides relatively easy access to Chouara Tannery.

4. Batha District: The Batha neighborhood is close to the medina and offers a range of accommodation options, including hotels and riads. It's a short walk from the medina's main attractions.

5. Riad and Hotel Chains: Some international hotel chains and boutique riad chains have properties in Fes, both within the medina and in the newer parts of the city. These options provide a mix of traditional and modern comforts.

When booking accommodations in Fes, it's advisable to check the specific location and proximity to the medina or Chouara Tannery. Additionally, consider factors such as your budget, desired level of comfort, and amenities when choosing where to stay. Keep in mind that Fes is a popular tourist destination, so it's a good idea to book your lodging in advance, especially during peak travel seasons.

What is the leather at Chouara Tannery used for?

The leather produced at Chouara Tannery in Fez, Morocco, is used for a wide range of leather products, both traditional and modern. Some of the common items made from the leather produced at the tannery include:

1. Leather Goods: Moroccan leather is renowned for its quality and craftsmanship, making it ideal for various leather goods such as bags, wallets, belts, and purses.

2. Shoes: Moroccan leather is often used to craft traditional Moroccan footwear, including babouches (slippers), sandals, and boots. These shoes are not only comfortable but also stylish.

3. Clothing: Leather is used to create clothing items such as jackets, coats, vests, and skirts. Leather jackets, in particular, are popular items made from Moroccan leather.

4. Accessories: The leather is used to make accessories like hats, gloves, and watch straps. These accessories often feature intricate designs and patterns.

5. Book Covers: Moroccan leather book covers are highly prized for their beauty and craftsmanship. They are often embossed with intricate designs and make for elegant keepsakes.

6. Decorative Items: Leather is used to create decorative items such as lampshades, cushion covers, and tableware. These items often feature traditional Moroccan motifs and add a touch of Moroccan style to homes.

7. Moroccan Poufs: Leather poufs are versatile and decorative pieces of furniture, often used as seating or footrests. They come in various colors and are a popular choice for interior decor.

8. Luggage and Bags: Moroccan leather is durable and suitable for crafting luggage and travel bags. These items are both practical and stylish for travelers.

9. Rugs and Carpets: While not made entirely of leather, Moroccan rugs and carpets often feature leather strips woven into the designs, adding texture and interest to these textiles.

10. Traditional Musical Instruments: In some cases, Moroccan leather is used to craft traditional musical instruments, such as drums and stringed instruments.

When does Chouara Tannery open?

The opening hours of Chouara Tannery in Fez, Morocco, can vary depending on the season and specific circumstances. Typically, Chouara Tannery opens in the morning and closes in the late afternoon. However, for the most accurate and up-to-date information regarding its opening hours, it's recommended to check with local authorities, tour guides, or your chosen tour operator. Keep in mind that visiting the tannery during the morning hours is often a popular choice among tourists, as this is when you can observe the tanning process and artisans at work. It's advisable to arrive early to make the most of your visit and to avoid the midday heat, which can be intense in the summer months.

The cost of visiting Chouara Tannery

If you want a closer look at the leather production process, consider taking a guided tour of Chouara Tannery. For a small fee, usually around 50 Moroccan Dirhams (MAD), you can get an in-depth tour of the tannery. Knowledgeable guides will explain the various stages of leather production and provide insights into the history and significance of the tanneries in the country.