A travel guide to the Ottoman City of Safranbolu: The history of Saffron and things to do in Safranbolu - a World Heritage Site

When planning your Turkey tours, one destination that should undoubtedly be on your list is Safranbolu. This enchanting city, nestled in the heart of the Black Sea region, stands as a living testament to Ottoman history.

Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site, Safranbolu invites travelers to delve into its rich cultural tapestry. Immerse yourself in the allure of saffron, explore the architectural splendor of Ottoman mansions, and wander through the cobblestone streets that once witnessed the grandeur of the Ottoman Empire. 

This travel guide unfolds the myriad things to do in Safranbolu, offering a comprehensive insight into the city's fascinating blend of history, culture, and natural beauty.

History of Safranbolu

The history of Safranbolu dates back to ancient times. During the Hittite period, it was known as Zalpa and was an important trading center for the region. In the 5th century BC, it was conquered by the Persian Empire and became part of their empire until Alexander the Great defeated them in 334 BC. After this, it became part of the Roman Empire until it was conquered by the Seljuk Turks in 1071 AD. 

The town of Safranbolu began to take shape during the Ottoman period when it became an important trading center on the Silk Road between Europe and Asia. It was also a major stop on the pilgrimage route from Istanbul to Mecca and Medina. During this time, many wealthy merchants built large mansions and villas in Safranbolu, making it one of Turkey's most prosperous towns at that time. 

The architecture of Safranbolu is unique and stands out among other towns in Turkey due to its traditional Ottoman-style houses with wooden balconies and ornate facades. The most famous buildings are the Çarşı Cami (Bazaar Mosque), which is one of Turkey's oldest mosques, and Köprülü Mehmet Paşa Külliyesi (Köprülü Mehmet Pasha Complex), which includes a mosque, madrasa (school) and mausoleum. 

In addition to its historical buildings, Safranbolu has several natural attractions such as Lake Abant, which is located nearby and is a popular spot for camping, fishing, swimming, boating, and hiking; Yedigöller National Park which offers stunning views of seven different lakes; Akdağ Ski Center which offers skiing during winter months; and İncesu Cave which features beautiful stalactites and stalagmites inside a large cavern. 

Must-See Attractions and Things to Do in Safranbolu

One of the most popular attractions in Safranbolu is the Old Town. This area of the city has been carefully preserved and contains many examples of traditional Ottoman architecture. The narrow cobblestone streets are lined with old wooden houses, mosques, and other historical buildings. Many of these buildings have been converted into shops, restaurants, and cafes where visitors can enjoy traditional Turkish food and drinks while taking in the sights. 

Another must-see attraction in Safranbolu is the Kaymakamlar Mansion. This 19th-century mansion was once home to a wealthy family who owned much of the land surrounding Safranbolu. Today it has been converted into a museum where visitors can learn about the history of the city and see some amazing artifacts from its past. 

The Cinci Han is another popular attraction in Safranbolu. This large stone building was once used as an inn for travelers passing through town but today it houses several shops selling traditional Turkish goods such as carpets, pottery, jewelry, and more. There are also several restaurants inside where you can sample some delicious local cuisine. 

The Zagnos Vadisi Valley is another must-see attraction in Safranbolu that you won’t want to miss out on. This beautiful valley is filled with lush green vegetation and crystal-clear streams, making for some amazing photo opportunities! There are also plenty of hiking trails that wind through this picturesque landscape so you can explore at your own pace. 

Finally, no visit to Safranbolu would be complete without stopping by one of its many thermal springs or hammams (traditional Turkish baths). These thermal springs are said to have healing properties so it’s worth taking a dip if you have time! You can also enjoy some traditional Turkish sauna treatments at one of these hammams if you’re feeling adventurous! 

Best Time to Visit Safranbolu 

The answer depends on what you're looking for. If you want to experience Safranbolu's cultural attractions, then spring or autumn are ideal times. During these seasons, temperatures are mild and comfortable, making it perfect for exploring the city's many historical sites and monuments. Plus, there are plenty of festivals and events that take place during these months, allowing visitors to immerse themselves in local culture. 

If you're looking for a more relaxed holiday in Safranbolu, then summer is probably your best bet. The weather is hot and sunny during this season, making it ideal for swimming or lounging by the pool. Plus, there are plenty of outdoor activities like hiking or biking that can be enjoyed during this time of year. 

For those who want to experience winter in Safranbolu, then December through February are great times to visit. Temperatures can drop quite low during this period but it's still possible to enjoy some outdoor activities like skiing or snowshoeing if you're feeling adventurous! Plus, there are plenty of cozy cafes and restaurants where you can warm up with a hot cup of tea or coffee after a day out in the cold. 

Local Culture and Traditions of Safranbolu

The most notable tradition in Safranbolu is its cuisine. The city's signature dish is Köfte, a type of meatball made from ground beef, onions, garlic, and spices. This dish is usually served with rice or bulgur pilaf and a side salad. Other popular dishes include manti (ravioli-like dumplings), pide (a type of flatbread), and künefe (a sweet pastry filled with cheese). Visitors can find these dishes at any of the local restaurants or street vendors.

Another important aspect of Safranbolu's culture is its clothing style. The traditional dress for both men and women consists of long robes called “yemeni” that are usually made from cotton or silk fabrics. Men also wear wide-brimmed hats called “sarik” while women often cover their heads with scarves called “fes”. This style has been passed down through generations and can still be seen on the streets today. 

In addition to food and clothing, Safranbolu also has several unique customs that are still practiced today. One such custom is the annual “Kırkpınar” wrestling tournament which takes place each summer in the city center. This event draws thousands of spectators who come to watch wrestlers from all over Turkey compete for the title of champion wrestler. 

Safranbolu also has a rich history of music and dance which can be seen during festivals such as “Yaz Gecesi” (Summer Night) and “Kış Gecesi” (Winter Night). During these festivals, locals gather to enjoy traditional music played on instruments such as drums, flutes, lutes, and bagpipes while dancers perform intricate folk dances in colorful costumes. 

Finally, one cannot talk about Safranbolu without mentioning its unique architecture which dates back centuries ago when it was an important stop on the Silk Road trade route between Europe and Asia Minor. The city's old town center features cobblestone streets lined with whitewashed houses adorned with wooden balconies and ornate doorways that have been carefully preserved over time. These buildings are now part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site due to their historical significance as well as their beauty. 

Eating in Safranbolu 

The first thing you'll notice when you arrive in Safranbolu is the abundance of restaurants and cafes. From small family-run establishments to high-end eateries, there's something for every budget and taste. The locals take great pride in their food, so you can be sure that whatever you choose will be of the highest quality. 

One of the most popular dishes in Safranbolu is köfte, which are meatballs made from ground beef or lamb and served with rice or bulgur wheat. They're usually served with a variety of sauces, such as tomato sauce or yogurt sauce, and they can also be served as part of a meze platter. Another popular dish is mantı, which are small dumplings filled with ground beef or lamb and served with yogurt sauce or garlic butter. 

For those looking for something more traditional, there are plenty of Turkish dishes to choose from. One of the most popular is döner kebab, which is thinly sliced lamb or beef cooked on a vertical spit and served with flatbreads and salads. Other popular dishes include imam bayildi (stuffed eggplant), börek (pastry filled with cheese or meat), karnıyarık (stuffed eggplant), and pide (Turkish pizza). 

If you're looking for something sweet after your meal, then head to one of the many patisseries in Safranbolu for some delicious desserts. Baklava is one of the most popular options here; it's made from layers of filo pastry filled with chopped nuts and soaked in syrup. Other popular desserts include künefe (a cheese pastry soaked in syrup), kadayıf (shredded wheat pastry filled with nuts), sütlaç (rice pudding), and tavuk göğsü (chicken breast pudding). 

Outdoor Activities in Safranbolu

Hiking is one of the most popular outdoor activities in Safranbolu. With its rolling hills, lush forests, and stunning views of the Black Sea, it’s easy to see why. There are plenty of trails to choose from, ranging from easy walks to more challenging hikes. For those looking for a more strenuous experience, there are also several mountain peaks to climb. No matter your skill level or experience, there is something for everyone when it comes to hiking in Safranbolu. 

Biking is another great way to explore the area. The city has several bike paths that wind through the countryside and offer breathtaking views of the Black Sea and surrounding mountains. Several mountain biking trails are perfect for more adventurous riders. Whether you’re looking for a leisurely ride or an adrenaline-filled adventure, there’s something for everyone when it comes to biking in Safranbolu. 

Bird watching is another popular outdoor activity in Safranbolu. The area is home to a wide variety of birds including eagles, hawks, owls, storks, and many more. Bird watchers can find plenty of spots along the coast or in the nearby mountains where they can observe these beautiful creatures up close and personal. 

For those looking for an even more unique experience, horseback riding is also available in Safranbolu. Horseback riding tours take riders through some of the most stunning scenery around including forests and meadows filled with wildflowers as well as along mountain trails with breathtaking views of the Black Sea below them. It’s a great way to get out into nature while still having access to all the amenities that come with staying at a hotel or resort in town. 

Things to do near Safranbolu 

The first stop on your tour should be the historic city of Safranbolu itself. This ancient city is home to some of Turkey’s most important cultural and historical sites. The old town is a maze of cobblestone streets and traditional Ottoman architecture that will take you back in time. You can explore the old bazaar, visit mosques, and take in the stunning views from the hillsides. 

Once you’ve explored Safranbolu, it’s time to venture out into the surrounding areas. The nearby town of Kastamonu is a great place to start your journey. Here you can explore traditional Turkish culture and experience local life firsthand. From exploring ancient ruins to sampling delicious local dishes, Kastamonu has something for everyone. 

If you’re looking for something more adventurous, head south towards Amasya and Tokat provinces. Here you can find some of Turkey’s most spectacular natural scenery including snow-capped mountains, lush forests, and crystal-clear rivers. You can also explore ancient ruins such as Hattusas and Yazilikaya which are both UNESCO World Heritage Sites. 

No tour of this region would be complete without a visit to Sinop province on the Black Sea coast. This area offers stunning beaches with crystal clear waters perfect for swimming or sunbathing as well as plenty of opportunities for fishing or sailing trips out into open waters. The nearby Sinop Castle is also worth a visit – it was built by Alexander the Great in 333 BC! 

Finally, if you want to experience some traditional Turkish hospitality then head east towards Trabzon province where you can stay in one of many family-run guesthouses or hotels which offer beautiful views over the Black Sea coast and delicious home-cooked meals prepared with locally sourced ingredients from nearby villages and farms. 

Events and Festivals Guide to Safranbolu 

The most popular event in Safranbolu is the annual International Folklore Festival. Held every August, this event brings together performers from all over Turkey and beyond to showcase their traditional music, dance, and costumes. Visitors can also enjoy traditional food from local vendors, as well as crafts and souvenirs from local artisans. It's a great way to immerse yourself in the culture of the region and get a taste of its rich history. 

Another popular event is the Safranbolu International Film Festival, which takes place every October. This festival showcases films from around the world that focus on topics related to Turkish culture and history. The festival also includes special screenings of classic Turkish films, as well as workshops on filmmaking techniques. It's a great opportunity for film buffs to explore some of Turkey's cinematic heritage while enjoying some of its modern offerings. 

The Safranbolu Art Festival is another must-see event for visitors to this historic town. Held annually in June, this festival features art exhibitions by local artists as well as international ones from around the world. There are also live performances by musicians from Turkey and abroad, along with workshops on various artistic techniques such as painting and sculpture making. This is a great way to explore both modern art forms as well as traditional ones from this part of Turkey. 

Finally, no visit to Safranbolu would be complete without attending one of its many street fairs or bazaars. These events usually take place during summer months and feature all sorts of goods such as clothing, jewelry, crafts, antiques, toys, spices, fruits, vegetables, nuts – you name it! You can find almost anything at these markets – it’s like taking a step back in time! 

Exploring the Natural Wonders of Safranbolu

The natural wonders of Safranbolu are truly breathtaking. The town is surrounded by lush forests that are home to a variety of wildlife, including deer, wild boar, foxes, and even bears. The forest also provides a habitat for many species of birds such as owls, hawks, and eagles. Some numerous streams and rivers flow through the area providing beautiful scenery and opportunities for fishing and swimming. 

The mountains in Safranbolu are equally impressive. The highest peak in the area is called Kizilcahamam Mountain which stands at an impressive 1,735 meters above sea level. From here you can enjoy stunning views of the surrounding landscape including the Black Sea coast and nearby towns such as Amasra and Sinop. Other popular mountains include Mount Yildirim which stands at 1,632 meters above sea level and Mount Uludag which stands at 1,539 meters above sea level. 

In addition to its stunning natural scenery, Safranbolu also boasts some amazing cultural attractions as well. The town is home to some of Turkey’s oldest Ottoman architecture including mosques, churches, baths, and caravanserais (inns). One of the most famous sites in Safranbolu is Sarayici Mosque which was built in 1322 by Sultan Orhan I during his reign over Anatolia (modern-day Turkey). Other popular attractions include Karabas Caravanserai (built in the 16th century), Ulu Mosque (built in the 15th century), Kizilirmak Bridge (built in the 18th century), Cinci Hamam (Turkish bath), and many more! 

Exploring these historical sites will give you an insight into Turkey’s rich culture and history while also providing you with plenty of opportunities for taking photographs or simply admiring the architecture from afar! 

If you’re looking for something more active then there are plenty of activities available too! Hiking trails can be found throughout the area offering spectacular views from various vantage points while mountain biking trails provide an adrenaline rush like no other! For those who prefer water activities there are kayaking trips available on some of the rivers or lakes nearby or if you’re feeling brave enough then why not try white water rafting down one of Turkey’s wildest rivers? 

Exploring the Religious Sites of Safranbolu

The oldest religious site in Safranbolu is the Church of St. George, which dates back to the 4th century AD. This church was built by the Greeks during their time in the area and is considered one of the oldest churches in Turkey. The church is still standing today and is open to visitors who wish to explore its ancient architecture and learn more about its history. 

Another important religious site in Safranbolu is the Great Mosque, which was built by Ottoman Sultan Mehmet II in 1461. This mosque was built on top of an old Greek temple, which had been destroyed by an earthquake in 1390. The mosque features traditional Ottoman architecture and design elements, including intricate tilework and calligraphy on its walls. It also houses a library with books about Islamic theology and law, making it an important center for learning about Islam during Ottoman times. 

The third major religious site in Safranbolu is the Ulu Mosque, which was built by Sultan Bayezid II in 1522. This mosque was built on top of an old Byzantine church that had been destroyed during a siege by Timur Lenk's forces in 1402. The Ulu Mosque features a unique blend of Ottoman and Byzantine styles, making it one of the most interesting mosques in Turkey today. 

The fourth major religious site in Safranbolu is the Suleymaniye Mosque, which was built by Sultan Suleyman I (the Magnificent) between 1550-1557 AD. This mosque features traditional Ottoman architecture with beautiful marble columns and intricate tilework on its walls and ceilings. It also houses a library with books about Islamic theology and law, making it another important center for learning about Islam during Ottoman times. 

Finally, there are two other important religious sites located near Safranbolu: The Tomb of Sheikh Bedreddin (also known as Sheikh Bedrettin) located just outside town; and The Cave Monastery located nearby on Mount Ida (also known as Kaz Dağı). Sheikh Bedrettin was a famous Sufi mystic who lived during Ottoman times; his tomb is now an important pilgrimage site for Muslims from all over Turkey who come to pay their respects to this great man's memory each year. The Cave Monastery dates back to Byzantine times; it consists of several small caves carved into Mount Ida that were used as places for Christian worship throughout history until they were abandoned after World War I when most Christians left Turkey for Greece or elsewhere abroad due to persecution from Turkish nationalists at that time. 

Recommended Places to Stay in Safranbolu 

For those looking for a luxurious stay, there is no better option than The Grand Hotel Safranbolu. Located in the heart of the city, this five-star hotel offers all the amenities one could wish for in a holiday destination. The rooms are spacious and comfortable, with modern furnishings and stunning views of the city. Guests can also enjoy an outdoor pool and spa facilities as well as a restaurant serving local delicacies. 

For those looking for something more affordable but still comfortable, there is Hotel Rüya. This three-star hotel is located on the outskirts of town but still within easy reach of all the attractions Safranbolu has to offer. Rooms are clean and comfortable with all necessary facilities such as air conditioning and free Wi-Fi. There is also an on-site restaurant serving traditional Turkish dishes at reasonable prices. 

For those looking for something more unique, there are several boutique hotels located throughout Safranbolu that offer an intimate atmosphere with personalized service. One such option is Hotel Köşkünü which offers rooms decorated in traditional Ottoman style with modern amenities such as flat-screen TVs and free Wi-Fi access throughout the hotel. Guests can also enjoy an outdoor pool and spa facilities as well as a restaurant serving local delicacies at reasonable prices. 

Finally, those who prefer more rustic accommodation should consider staying at one of Safranbolu's many guesthouses or pensions (bed & breakfasts). These provide a cozy atmosphere with friendly staff who are always willing to help out with any queries you may have about your stay or about things to do in town. Prices are usually very reasonable too! 

FAQs about Safranbolu

Q: What is Safranbolu?

A: Safranbolu is a typical Ottoman city located in the Karabük province of Turkey. It played a key role in the caravan trade over many centuries and enjoyed great prosperity in the Ottoman era. Safranbolu is known for its traditional Ottoman houses and mansions.

Q: What are the main attractions in Safranbolu?

A: Safranbolu has numerous attractions worth visiting. Some of the notable ones include the Safranbolu Old Mosque, Incekaya Aqueduct, Clock Tower, and the New Town. The area of the inner city, with its marketplace and old bath, is also worth exploring.

Q: What is the historical significance of Safranbolu?

A: Safranbolu was an important trading hub during the Ottoman Empire and reached its apogee in the 17th century. It played a large role in the caravan trade and had a significant influence on the area of the Ottoman Empire.

Q: Where is Safranbolu located?

A: Safranbolu is situated in a deep valley in the Black Sea region of Turkey. It is located to the east of Karabük.

Q: What is the significance of the Incekaya Aqueduct?

A: The Incekaya Aqueduct is a historical landmark in Safranbolu. It served as a water supply system during the Ottoman era and stands as a testament to the ingenuity of that time.

Q: What is the Silk Road connection to Safranbolu?

A: Safranbolu played a key role in the caravan trade along the Silk Road. It was an important stop for caravans traveling between East and West, contributing to the city's prosperity during the Ottoman Empire.

Q: What is the historical era of Safranbolu?

A: Safranbolu reflects the historical era of the Ottoman Empire, particularly its apogee in the 17th century. The city's architecture, culture, and trade activities during this time are well preserved.

Q: What makes Safranbolu worth visiting?

A: Safranbolu offers a unique experience for travelers looking to explore the rich history and culture of the Ottoman Empire. Its well-preserved architecture, historical landmarks, and beautiful natural surroundings make it a destination worth visiting.

Q: What is the role of Safranbolu in the caravan trade?

A: Safranbolu played a significant role in the caravan trade over many centuries. Its strategic location on the Silk Road made it an important stop for caravans, contributing to the city's economic prosperity and cultural exchange.